Wrench



E. BLUM.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 13, 1917.

Patented Apr. 27, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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'IIIIIIIIIIIIIIA E. BLUM.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 13, 1917- 1,33 ,-278. Patented Apr. 27, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELIAS BLUM, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF TO CARL M.

. MARKSTEDT, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 27, 1920.

Application filed June 13, 1917. Serial No. 174,539.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELIAS BLUM, acitizen of the United States, residing at Oakland,

artto which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to wrenches and more particularly to wrenches especially adapted for use on railways and has for its primary object to provide a wrench which can be conveniently operated to tightenor loosen nuts positioned at different angles or in places where the same are hard to reach.

Another object is the provision of means for rigidly connecting the handlesof two wrenches of'diiferent types together, so that nuts positioned at different angles can be conveniently loosened or tightened, and to increase the leverage of each wrench.

A further object is the provision of 'im-' proved means for detachably joining the shanks of the'wrenches together, so that the same can be readily attached to or detached from each other, and to add to the strength of the handles of the wrenches when the same are connected together.

A still further object is the provision of an improved type of wrench used in the combined tool so that the same will operate in a highly efficient manner.

A still further object is to provide an improved reversible ratchet wrench which can receive a drill bit-so as the same can be used as a drill, in connection with an improved type of movable jaw wrench, so that a tool is provided which has a large range of uses.

WVith these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and formation of parts as will be hereinafter specifically described, claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof, in which- Figure 1 is a face view of two wrenches attached together,

Fig. 2 is an edge view of the improved movable jaw wrench,

Fig; 3 is'an' edge viewiof the improved reversible ratchet wrench,

Fig. 4 is a detail sectional View taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 5-is a detail sectional view taken on the'line 5 5 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary edge view illustrating the method'of attaching the shanks of the wrenches together and showing the improved ratchet wrench in section,

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view through the improved ratchet wrench,

' Fig. 8 is a transverse section through the improved ratchet head with the same re-.

moved from the wrench body showing the manner of attaching a drill bit thereto, and Fig. 9 is a detail sectional view through the line 9-9 of Fig 8.

Fig. 10 is a detail elevation of an attachinent'to be used with the drill as illustrated in Fig. 8.

Referring to the drawings in detail, wherein similar reference numerals designate corresponding parts through the several views, the numeral 1 generically indicates the improved tool which includes the shanks or handles 2 and 3 of the improved ratchet wrench 4 and the improved movable j aw wrench 5. r

The improved ratchet wrench includes the shank 2 having the offset enlargement 6 formed 011 one end thereof which terminates inthe circular enlargement 7. The circular enlargement 7 is provided with the enlarged transverse concentrically arranged circular'opening 8, which ro'tatably receives the ratchet head 9 having the central portion thereof provided with an annular groove 10 in which is formed the ratchet teeth 11, which cooperate with a double triangular shaped pawl 12, pivotally secured in the notch 13 formed in the central portion of the offset enlargement, which opens into the "circular opening 8, by means of a pivot pin 14 which has its ends rounded and journaled in the enlargement 6 and the central portion thereof squared to receive the double pawl 12 to move therewith. When it is desired to reverse the direction of rotation of the ratchet head 9, the winged head 16 of the pivot 14 is grasped and turned in the direction in which it is desired to move the pawl 12 so as to bring the other tooth of the pawl in engagement with the ratchet teeth 11. V

The pawl 12 is held in either of its adjusted positions by a plunger17, which is held in engagement with the pawl 12 by the coil spring 18, which is seated in a recess 19 and is positioned around the reduced end 20 of the plunger 17.

The pawl 12 is substantially of triangu-- lar formation in plan and has its apex positioned adjacent the spring pressed plunger 17, which has a rounded head adapted to engage either one of the sides adjacent the apex according to which way the pawl is turned, and holds one of the teeth of the pawl in engagement with the ratchet teeth 11.

The ratchet head 9 has a central squared opening 21 which terminates in an enlarged concentric circular opening 22 in the enlarged end 23 formed on one end of the head 9. The enlarged end 23 formsa shoulder 24 which bears against one faceof the circular enlargement 7 and prevents the movement of the head 9 in one direction through the opening 8 and an annular ring 25 held in position by screws 26 on the head 9 engages the opposite face of a circular enlargement 7 and prevents the movement of the head in the opposite direction through the opening 8. The different size openings 21 and 22 form means whereby nuts of different sizes can be engaged and if it is desired socket reducers can be employed and placed in the opening 22 to receive nuts of any size.

A drill bit 27 may be operatively connected to the ratchet head 9 by means of a socket reducer 28 which is fitted into the opening 22 and has a central circular opening 29 with one side flattened as at 30 which corresponds to the head of the drill bit. After the bit 27 is connected to the ratchet head 9, the ratchet can be used in the manner in which'drills are ordinarily used. When it is desired the attachment illustrated in Fig. 10 may be used with the drill and the attachment provides means for feeding the bit 27 downward. The attachment comprises the shank 45 which has a squared end 46 adapted to be received in the opening 21 and has an enlarged shoulder 47 which bears against the outer surface of the head and limits the inward movement thereof. The opposite end of the shank is externally screw threaded as at 48 and it is received in the internally screw threaded member 49 which has a head 50 formed on the end thereof which has its free end flattened as at 51 so as'to readily engage an object. A sliding rod 52 is positioned through the head 50 and forms means whereby the member 49 can be turned by hand. When this attachment is positioned in the head and the .33 which is received in threaded registering apertures formed in the shank 3 and the enlargement 6. The shank 3 of the wrench 5 has shoulders 34 formed on each side thereof adjacent the free end thereof, and

these shoulders engage the rear face ofv the enlargement 6- andlimit the inward movement of the shank 3 in the recess 32 and also eliminates any lateral movement of the shanks 2 and 3 in relation to'each other.

The shank 3 has an enlargement 35 formed on the end opposite to the shoulders 34 and the enlargement has a rigid aw 36 formed thereon which cooperates with a sliding jaw 37. The sliding jaw 37 has an angularly extending arm 38 which is noncircular in cross section and is received in an opening 39 of similar shape formed in the enlargement 35. and a screw 40 having a knurled head 41, set in a recess 42 in the side wall of the enlargement 35,,is adjustably received in the threaded opening 43' formed in the angular arm and uponrotation of the screw 40, the jaws can be adjusted to each other.

The improved-tool while being especially adapted for use on railways, can be used to best advantage in ship yards, in steel bridge construction and any other place where wrenches are used to a large extent.

In practice, I have found that the form of my invention, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and referred to in the above description as the preferred embodiment is the most efficient and practical; yet realizing the conditions concurrent with the adoption of my device will necessarily vary, I desire to emphasize the fact that various minor changes in details of construction,

proportion and arrangement of parts may be resorted to, when required, without-sacrificing any ofthe advantages of my invention as set forth.

WVhat I claim as new is In a tool structure, a pair of oppositely directed wrenches, each of said wrenches provided with a relatively long shank and one of said wrenches having a relatively large head and extending parallel with the shank for a short distance and projecting laterally from one face thereof, said head having an inwardly extending opening formed therein arranged parallel with and opening out flush with the shank, the end portion of the shank of the other wrench fitting snugly into said opening and the shanks of the wrenches belng disposed in abutting relation, laterally projecting shoulders formed on the shank of the last mentioned Wrench for engagement with the outer face of the head on the opposite sides of the opening and means extending throu h the head, openings and shanks for detac ably securing the shanks together, so as to prevent independent movements thereof, the 10 two wrenches being thus secured together so as to form a unitary structure.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of tWo witnesses.

ELIAS BLUM. Witnesses:

SADIE E. ROBINSON, H RMAN KRAMER. 

